From 13f7c1326a77545877942cfbea063708da297320 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mplan Date: Sun, 31 May 2026 22:36:20 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] feat: checkpoint user state tracking service with PostgreSQL - RESTful API: POST /heartbeat, POST /checkpoints, GET /status, GET /summaries - State-change-only checkpoint model with extensible StateType enum - PostgreSQL backend with sqlx, auto-migration on startup - pg_cron scheduled aggregation (state_summaries) and offline detection - Heartbeat-based liveness with 60s timeout auto-offline - LEAD() window function for state duration calculation - JSONB content field for extensible checkpoint metadata BREAKING CHANGE: Complete rewrite from Hello World to full API service. --- .gitignore | 2 + Cargo.lock | 2066 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Cargo.toml | 9 + README.md | 142 ++ migrations/001_init.sql | 20 + migrations/002_daily_summary.sql | 84 ++ migrations/003_sessions.sql | 65 + src/config.rs | 33 + src/db/mod.rs | 70 + src/db/postgres.rs | 306 +++++ src/error.rs | 54 + src/handlers/admin.rs | 77 ++ src/handlers/checkpoints.rs | 122 ++ src/handlers/health.rs | 6 + src/handlers/mod.rs | 3 + src/main.rs | 80 +- src/models/checkpoint.rs | 129 ++ src/models/mod.rs | 1 + src/router.rs | 32 + src/state.rs | 16 + 20 files changed, 3315 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) create mode 100644 README.md create mode 100644 migrations/001_init.sql create mode 100644 migrations/002_daily_summary.sql create mode 100644 migrations/003_sessions.sql create mode 100644 src/config.rs create mode 100644 src/db/mod.rs create mode 100644 src/db/postgres.rs create mode 100644 src/error.rs create mode 100644 src/handlers/admin.rs create mode 100644 src/handlers/checkpoints.rs create mode 100644 src/handlers/health.rs create mode 100644 src/handlers/mod.rs create mode 100644 src/models/checkpoint.rs create mode 100644 src/models/mod.rs create mode 100644 src/router.rs create mode 100644 src/state.rs diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore index 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+++ b/Cargo.toml @@ -4,3 +4,12 @@ version = "0.1.0" edition = "2024" [dependencies] +axum = "0.8" +tokio = { version = "1", features = ["full"] } +tower-http = { version = "0.6", features = ["cors"] } +chrono = "0.4.44" +serde = { version = "1", features = ["derive"] } +serde_json = "1" +async-trait = "0.1" +dotenvy = "0.15" +sqlx = { version = "0.8", features = ["runtime-tokio", "postgres", "chrono"] } diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dfa3026 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,142 @@ +# ck-rs — Checkpoint 用户状态追踪服务 + +基于 [Axum](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum) 的 RESTful API 服务，用于记录用户在不同状态下的持续时间。客户端定时上报检查点（checkpoint），服务端自动计算各状态累计时长。类比手机屏幕使用时间统计。 + +## 快速开始 + +```bash +# 启动服务（默认监听 127.0.0.1:3000，可通过 .env 中 LISTEN_ADDR 修改） +cargo run +``` + +## API 端点 + +| 方法 | 路径 | 说明 | +|------|------|------| +| `GET` | `/health` | 服务健康检查 | +| `POST` | `/users/{user_id}/checkpoints` | 上报当前状态（心跳） | +| `GET` | `/users/{user_id}/checkpoints` | 查询检查点历史（`?from=&to=&limit=`） | +| `GET` | `/users/{user_id}/checkpoints/{id}` | 查询单个检查点 | +| `GET` | `/users/{user_id}/status` | 当前状态 + 各状态累计时长 | + +### 状态类型 + +| 内置状态 | 说明 | +|----------|------| +| `Online` | 在线 | +| `Offline` | 离线 | +| `Idle` | 空闲 | +| `Working` | 工作中 | +| `Sleeping` | 睡眠 | +| `"任意字符串"` | 自定义状态，如 `Gaming`、`Meeting`、`Driving` 等 | + +### 请求示例 + +```bash +BASE=http://localhost:3000 + +# 健康检查 +curl $BASE/health + +# 上报状态（自动记录服务端当前时间） +curl -X POST $BASE/users/alice/checkpoints \ + -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ + -d '{"state":"Working"}' + +# 上报状态 + 附带元数据（设备、坐标等） +curl -X POST $BASE/users/alice/checkpoints \ + -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ + -d '{"state":"Idle","content":{"device":"MacBook","battery":85}}' + +# 上报自定义状态 +curl -X POST $BASE/users/alice/checkpoints \ + -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ + -d '{"state":"Gaming"}' + +# 等待几秒后切换状态（产生时长数据） +sleep 3 +curl -X POST $BASE/users/alice/checkpoints \ + -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ + -d '{"state":"Offline"}' + +# 查询检查点历史 +curl $BASE/users/alice/checkpoints + +# 按时间范围查询 +curl "$BASE/users/alice/checkpoints?from=1717161600&to=1717248000&limit=10" + +# 查询单个检查点 +curl $BASE/users/alice/checkpoints/1 + +# 查询状态汇总（当前状态 + 各状态累计时长） +curl $BASE/users/alice/status +# → {"user_id":"alice","current_state":"Offline","since":1717248000, +# "durations":[{"state":"Working","duration_secs":3}]} +``` + +## 环境变量 + +| 变量 | 默认值 | 说明 | +|------|--------|------| +| `LISTEN_ADDR` | `127.0.0.1:3000` | 监听地址 | +| `DATABASE_URL` | （无） | 数据库连接字符串（接入真实 DB 时设置） | + +## 项目结构 + +``` +src/ +├── main.rs # 入口：加载配置 → 初始化 DB → 构建路由 → 启动 +├── config.rs # 配置层（环境变量 + 默认值） +├── state.rs # AppState（全局共享状态，持有 DB） +├── error.rs # 统一错误类型 AppError（实现 IntoResponse） +├── router.rs # 路由组装 +├── models/ +│ ├── mod.rs +│ └── checkpoint.rs # StateType / Checkpoint / UserStatusResponse 等 +├── handlers/ +│ ├── mod.rs +│ ├── health.rs # GET /health +│ └── checkpoints.rs # POST/GET /users/{id}/checkpoints +└── db/ + ├── mod.rs # Db trait（数据库抽象接口） + └── memory.rs # MemoryDb（内存模拟，开发期使用） +``` + +## 核心设计 + +- **状态可自由扩充**：`StateType` 内置 5 种状态 + `Custom(String)` 变体，传入任意字符串自动作为新状态 +- **content 可扩展**：每个检查点可附带 `Option` 元数据 +- **时长自动计算**：相邻检查点的时间差归属于前一个状态，`/status` 返回各状态累计秒数 +- **timestamp 可选**：请求可带时间戳，不传则服务端取当前时间 + +## 接入真实数据库 + +当前使用内存模拟存储（`MemoryDb`），切换为 PostgreSQL 仅需 3 步： + +### 1. 添加依赖 + +取消 `Cargo.toml` 中的注释： + +```toml +sqlx = { version = "0.8", features = ["runtime-tokio", "postgres"] } +``` + +### 2. 实现 Db trait + +新建 `src/db/postgres.rs`，对 `PgPool` 实现 `Db` trait。 + +### 3. 修改入口 + +`src/main.rs` 中将 `MemoryDb::new()` 替换为 `PgPool::connect(...).await`。 + +## 技术栈 + +- [Axum 0.8](https://crates.io/crates/axum) — Web 框架 +- [Tokio](https://crates.io/crates/tokio) — 异步运行时 +- [Serde](https://crates.io/crates/serde) — 序列化 / 反序列化 +- [Chrono](https://crates.io/crates/chrono) — 日期时间处理 +- [Dotenvy](https://crates.io/crates/dotenvy) — .env 文件加载 + +## License + +MIT diff --git a/migrations/001_init.sql b/migrations/001_init.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2970f77 --- /dev/null +++ b/migrations/001_init.sql @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +-- 001_init.sql +-- Checkpoint 服务初始建表 + +CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS checkpoints ( + id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + user_id VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL, + state VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL, + timestamp BIGINT NOT NULL, + content JSONB, + + created_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT now() +); + +-- 核心查询索引：按用户 + 时间范围 +CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_checkpoints_user_ts + ON checkpoints (user_id, timestamp); + +-- 快速获取用户最新检查点 +CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_checkpoints_user_latest + ON checkpoints (user_id, timestamp DESC); diff --git a/migrations/002_daily_summary.sql b/migrations/002_daily_summary.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000..663282d --- /dev/null +++ b/migrations/002_daily_summary.sql @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ +-- 002_daily_summary.sql +-- 状态时长定时快照表 + 聚合函数 + pg_cron 调度说明 + +-- ============================================================ +-- 1. 快照存储表 +-- ============================================================ +CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS state_summaries ( + id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY, + user_id VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL, + state VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL, + duration_secs BIGINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, + period_start BIGINT NOT NULL, + period_end BIGINT NOT NULL, + created_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT now(), + + UNIQUE (user_id, state, period_start, period_end) +); + +CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_summaries_user_period + ON state_summaries (user_id, period_start DESC); + +-- ============================================================ +-- 2. 聚合函数：滑动窗口计算指定时间范围内各状态时长 +-- - 调度器只需传入 period_start / period_end +-- - 内部用 LEAD() 窗口函数求相邻检查点差值 +-- - ON CONFLICT 保证幂等（重复执行不产生重复行） +-- ============================================================ +CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION aggregate_checkpoint_durations( + p_start BIGINT, + p_end BIGINT +) RETURNS BIGINT AS $$ +DECLARE + affected BIGINT; +BEGIN + INSERT INTO state_summaries (user_id, state, duration_secs, period_start, period_end) + SELECT user_id, state, SUM(duration) AS duration_secs, p_start, p_end + FROM ( + SELECT user_id, state, + LEAD(timestamp) OVER (PARTITION BY user_id ORDER BY timestamp) - timestamp AS duration + FROM checkpoints + WHERE timestamp >= p_start AND timestamp <= p_end + ) sub + WHERE duration > 0 + GROUP BY user_id, state + ON CONFLICT (user_id, state, period_start, period_end) DO UPDATE + SET duration_secs = EXCLUDED.duration_secs; + + GET DIAGNOSTICS affected = ROW_COUNT; + RETURN affected; +END; +$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql; + +-- ============================================================ +-- 3. pg_cron 调度（需要超级用户手动执行一次） +-- ============================================================ +-- +-- -- 安装扩展（仅需一次） +-- CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_cron; +-- +-- -- 每 5 分钟执行一次聚合 +-- SELECT cron.schedule( +-- 'aggregate-5min', +-- '*/5 * * * *', +-- $$ SELECT aggregate_checkpoint_durations( +-- FLOOR(EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM now() - INTERVAL '5 minutes'))::BIGINT, +-- FLOOR(EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM now()))::BIGINT +-- ); $$ +-- ); +-- +-- -- 每小时整点执行一次（日报表用） +-- SELECT cron.schedule( +-- 'aggregate-hourly', +-- '0 * * * *', +-- $$ SELECT aggregate_checkpoint_durations( +-- FLOOR(EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM now() - INTERVAL '1 hour'))::BIGINT, +-- FLOOR(EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM now()))::BIGINT +-- ); $$ +-- ); +-- +-- -- 查看 cron 任务状态 +-- SELECT * FROM cron.job; +-- +-- -- 取消（如需） +-- SELECT cron.unschedule('aggregate-5min'); diff --git a/migrations/003_sessions.sql b/migrations/003_sessions.sql new file mode 100644 index 0000000..eeb3f9d --- /dev/null +++ b/migrations/003_sessions.sql @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ +-- 003_sessions.sql +-- 用户会话表 + 心跳管理 + 离线检测 + pg_cron 调度 + +-- ============================================================ +-- 1. 用户会话表（跟踪当前状态和心跳） +-- ============================================================ +CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS user_sessions ( + user_id VARCHAR(128) PRIMARY KEY, + current_state VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'Offline', + last_heartbeat BIGINT NOT NULL, + last_state_change BIGINT NOT NULL, + updated_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT now() +); + +-- ============================================================ +-- 2. 离线检测函数：心跳超时 60s 的用户自动补一条 Offline 检查点 +-- pg_cron 每 1 分钟执行一次 +-- ============================================================ +CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION detect_offline_users( + timeout_secs BIGINT DEFAULT 60 +) RETURNS SETOF BIGINT AS $$ +DECLARE + r RECORD; + now_ts BIGINT; +BEGIN + now_ts := EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM now())::BIGINT; + + FOR r IN + SELECT user_id, last_heartbeat + FROM user_sessions + WHERE current_state != 'Offline' + AND (now_ts - last_heartbeat) > timeout_secs + LOOP + -- 插入离线检查点（时间戳 = 最后心跳 + 超时时间） + INSERT INTO checkpoints (user_id, state, timestamp) + VALUES (r.user_id, 'Offline', r.last_heartbeat + timeout_secs); + + -- 更新会话状态 + UPDATE user_sessions + SET current_state = 'Offline', + last_state_change = r.last_heartbeat + timeout_secs, + updated_at = now() + WHERE user_id = r.user_id; + + RETURN NEXT 1; + END LOOP; +END; +$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql; + +-- ============================================================ +-- 3. pg_cron 调度（需要超级用户手动执行一次） +-- ============================================================ +-- +-- -- 安装扩展（仅需一次） +-- CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_cron; +-- +-- -- 每 1 分钟检测离线用户 +-- SELECT cron.schedule( +-- 'detect-offline', +-- '* * * * *', +-- $$ SELECT detect_offline_users(60); $$ +-- ); +-- +-- -- 查看状态 +-- SELECT * FROM cron.job; diff --git a/src/config.rs b/src/config.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cd9c423 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/config.rs @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +use std::net::SocketAddr; + +/// 服务器配置 +#[derive(Debug, Clone)] +pub struct Config { + /// 监听地址 + pub listen_addr: SocketAddr, + /// 数据库连接字符串（接入真实数据库时使用） + #[allow(dead_code)] + pub database_url: Option, +} + +impl Config { + /// 从环境变量加载配置，缺失时使用默认值 + pub fn from_env() -> Self { + Self { + listen_addr: std::env::var("LISTEN_ADDR") + .unwrap_or_else(|_| "127.0.0.1:3000".into()) + .parse() + .expect("invalid LISTEN_ADDR"), + database_url: std::env::var("DATABASE_URL").ok(), + } + } +} + +impl Default for Config { + fn default() -> Self { + Self { + listen_addr: SocketAddr::from(([127, 0, 0, 1], 3000)), + database_url: None, + } + } +} diff --git a/src/db/mod.rs b/src/db/mod.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3356aed --- /dev/null +++ b/src/db/mod.rs @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ +pub mod postgres; + +use std::sync::Arc; + +use crate::models::checkpoint::{Checkpoint, StateSummary, UserStatusResponse}; + +/// 心跳返回信息 +pub struct HeartbeatInfo { + pub current_state: String, + pub last_heartbeat: i64, +} + +/// 数据库操作抽象 trait —— 所有持久化实现必须满足此接口 +#[async_trait::async_trait] +pub trait Db: Send + Sync + 'static { + /// 创建一个检查点记录（仅在状态变更时调用） + async fn create_checkpoint( + &self, + user_id: &str, + state: &str, + timestamp: i64, + content: Option, + ) -> Result; + + /// 获取单个检查点 + async fn get_checkpoint(&self, id: u64) -> Result, String>; + + /// 列出用户的检查点（支持时间范围 + 条数限制） + async fn list_checkpoints( + &self, + user_id: &str, + from: Option, + to: Option, + limit: Option, + ) -> Result, String>; + + /// 获取用户最新的检查点（预留，用于心跳检测等场景） + #[allow(dead_code)] + async fn get_latest_checkpoint(&self, user_id: &str) -> Result, String>; + + /// 获取用户状态汇总（当前状态 + 各状态时长） + async fn get_status_summary(&self, user_id: &str) -> Result; + + /// 查询用户的定时快照历史 + async fn list_state_summaries( + &self, + user_id: &str, + from: Option, + to: Option, + limit: Option, + ) -> Result, String>; + + /// 心跳：刷新 last_heartbeat，不产生检查点 + /// state 为空字符串时只刷新心跳不改变状态 + async fn heartbeat(&self, user_id: &str, state: &str) -> Result; + + /// [管理] 手动触发离线检测（开发/调试用，生产由 pg_cron 接管） + async fn admin_detect_offline(&self, timeout_secs: i64) -> Result; + + /// [管理] 手动触发一次聚合（开发/调试用，生产由 pg_cron 接管） + async fn admin_trigger_aggregation(&self, period_start: i64, period_end: i64) -> Result; + + /// [调试] 将用户 last_heartbeat 设为指定值（模拟超时） + async fn debug_set_last_heartbeat(&self, user_id: &str, ts: i64) -> Result<(), String>; +} + +/// 简便构造：将 Db 实现包装为 Arc +pub fn into_shared(db: impl Db) -> Arc { + Arc::new(db) +} diff --git a/src/db/postgres.rs b/src/db/postgres.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f0503e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/db/postgres.rs @@ -0,0 +1,306 @@ +use chrono::Utc; +use serde_json::Value; +use sqlx::PgPool; + +use crate::db::Db; +use crate::db::HeartbeatInfo; +use crate::models::checkpoint::{Checkpoint, StateDuration, StateSummary, StateType, UserStatusResponse}; + +/// PostgreSQL 数据库实现（通过 sqlx） +pub struct PgDb { + pool: PgPool, +} + +impl PgDb { + pub fn new(pool: PgPool) -> Self { + Self { pool } + } +} + +fn parse_state(s: &str) -> StateType { + match s { + "Online" => StateType::Online, + "Offline" => StateType::Offline, + "Idle" => StateType::Idle, + "Working" => StateType::Working, + "Sleeping" => StateType::Sleeping, + other => StateType::Custom(other.to_string()), + } +} + +fn row_to_checkpoint(r: PgCheckpointRow) -> Checkpoint { + Checkpoint { + id: r.id as u64, + user_id: r.user_id, + state: parse_state(&r.state), + timestamp: r.timestamp, + content: r.content, + } +} + +#[async_trait::async_trait] +impl Db for PgDb { + async fn create_checkpoint( + &self, + user_id: &str, + state: &str, + timestamp: i64, + content: Option, + ) -> Result { + let row: PgCheckpointRow = sqlx::query_as( + "INSERT INTO checkpoints (user_id, state, timestamp, content) \ + VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4) \ + RETURNING id, user_id, state, timestamp, content", + ) + .bind(user_id) + .bind(state) + .bind(timestamp) + .bind(content) + .fetch_one(&self.pool) + .await + .map_err(|e| format!("insert checkpoint: {e}"))?; + + Ok(row_to_checkpoint(row)) + } + + async fn get_checkpoint(&self, id: u64) -> Result, String> { + let row: Option = sqlx::query_as( + "SELECT id, user_id, state, timestamp, content \ + FROM checkpoints WHERE id = $1", + ) + .bind(id as i64) + .fetch_optional(&self.pool) + .await + .map_err(|e| format!("get checkpoint: {e}"))?; + + Ok(row.map(row_to_checkpoint)) + } + + async fn list_checkpoints( + &self, + user_id: &str, + from: Option, + to: Option, + limit: Option, + ) -> Result, String> { + let rows: Vec = sqlx::query_as( + "SELECT id, user_id, state, timestamp, content \ + FROM checkpoints WHERE user_id = $1 ORDER BY timestamp", + ) + .bind(user_id) + .fetch_all(&self.pool) + .await + .map_err(|e| format!("list checkpoints: {e}"))?; + + let mut result: Vec = rows + .into_iter() + .map(row_to_checkpoint) + .filter(|c| from.map_or(true, |f| c.timestamp >= f)) + .filter(|c| to.map_or(true, |t| c.timestamp <= t)) + .collect(); + + if let Some(n) = limit { + result.truncate(n); + } + Ok(result) + } + + async fn get_latest_checkpoint(&self, user_id: &str) -> Result, String> { + let row: Option = sqlx::query_as( + "SELECT id, user_id, state, timestamp, content \ + FROM checkpoints \ + WHERE user_id = $1 \ + ORDER BY timestamp DESC \ + LIMIT 1", + ) + .bind(user_id) + .fetch_optional(&self.pool) + .await + .map_err(|e| format!("latest checkpoint: {e}"))?; + + Ok(row.map(row_to_checkpoint)) + } + + async fn get_status_summary(&self, user_id: &str) -> Result { + // 用窗口函数计算相邻检查点之间的时长 + let rows: Vec = sqlx::query_as( + r#"SELECT state, duration FROM ( + SELECT state, + LEAD(timestamp) OVER (PARTITION BY user_id ORDER BY timestamp) - timestamp AS duration + FROM checkpoints + WHERE user_id = $1 + ) sub + WHERE duration > 0"#, + ) + .bind(user_id) + .fetch_all(&self.pool) + .await + .map_err(|e| format!("status summary: {e}"))?; + + let mut durations_map: std::collections::BTreeMap = + std::collections::BTreeMap::new(); + for row in &rows { + *durations_map.entry(row.state.clone()).or_insert(0) += row.duration; + } + + let durations: Vec = durations_map + .into_iter() + .map(|(k, v)| StateDuration { + state: parse_state(&k), + duration_secs: v, + }) + .collect(); + + let latest = self.get_latest_checkpoint(user_id).await?; + let (current_state, since) = match latest { + Some(cp) => (cp.state, cp.timestamp), + None => (StateType::Offline, 0), + }; + + Ok(UserStatusResponse { + user_id: user_id.to_string(), + current_state, + since, + durations, + }) + } + + async fn list_state_summaries( + &self, + user_id: &str, + from: Option, + to: Option, + limit: Option, + ) -> Result, String> { + use crate::models::checkpoint::StateSummary; + + let rows: Vec = sqlx::query_as( + "SELECT id, user_id, state, duration_secs, period_start, period_end, \ + TO_CHAR(created_at, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') AS created_at \ + FROM state_summaries \ + WHERE user_id = $1 \ + AND ($2::BIGINT IS NULL OR period_start >= $2) \ + AND ($3::BIGINT IS NULL OR period_end <= $3) \ + ORDER BY period_start DESC \ + LIMIT $4", + ) + .bind(user_id) + .bind(from) + .bind(to) + .bind(limit.unwrap_or(100) as i64) + .fetch_all(&self.pool) + .await + .map_err(|e| format!("list summaries: {e}"))?; + + Ok(rows + .into_iter() + .map(|r| StateSummary { + id: r.id as u64, + user_id: r.user_id, + state: parse_state(&r.state), + duration_secs: r.duration_secs, + period_start: r.period_start, + period_end: r.period_end, + created_at: r.created_at, + }) + .collect()) + } + + async fn heartbeat(&self, user_id: &str, state: &str) -> Result { + let now = Utc::now().timestamp(); + let effective_state = if state.is_empty() { None } else { Some(state) }; + + let row: HeartbeatRow = sqlx::query_as( + r#"INSERT INTO user_sessions (user_id, current_state, last_heartbeat, last_state_change) + VALUES ($1, COALESCE($2, 'Offline'), $3, $3) + ON CONFLICT (user_id) DO UPDATE SET + current_state = COALESCE($2, user_sessions.current_state), + last_heartbeat = $3, + last_state_change = CASE WHEN $2 IS NOT NULL THEN $3 ELSE user_sessions.last_state_change END, + updated_at = now() + RETURNING current_state, last_heartbeat"#, + ) + .bind(user_id) + .bind(effective_state) + .bind(now) + .fetch_one(&self.pool) + .await + .map_err(|e| format!("heartbeat: {e}"))?; + + Ok(HeartbeatInfo { + current_state: row.current_state, + last_heartbeat: row.last_heartbeat, + }) + } + + async fn admin_detect_offline(&self, timeout_secs: i64) -> Result { + let row: (i64,) = sqlx::query_as( + "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM detect_offline_users($1)" + ) + .bind(timeout_secs) + .fetch_one(&self.pool) + .await + .map_err(|e| format!("detect offline: {e}"))?; + + Ok(row.0 as u64) + } + + async fn admin_trigger_aggregation(&self, period_start: i64, period_end: i64) -> Result { + let row: (i64,) = sqlx::query_as( + "SELECT aggregate_checkpoint_durations($1, $2)" + ) + .bind(period_start) + .bind(period_end) + .fetch_one(&self.pool) + .await + .map_err(|e| format!("aggregation: {e}"))?; + + Ok(row.0 as u64) + } + + async fn debug_set_last_heartbeat(&self, user_id: &str, ts: i64) -> Result<(), String> { + sqlx::query( + "UPDATE user_sessions SET last_heartbeat = $1 WHERE user_id = $2" + ) + .bind(ts) + .bind(user_id) + .execute(&self.pool) + .await + .map_err(|e| format!("debug set heartbeat: {e}"))?; + Ok(()) + } +} + + +#[derive(Debug, sqlx::FromRow)] +struct HeartbeatRow { + current_state: String, + last_heartbeat: i64, +} +// ---------- sqlx 行映射 ---------- + +#[derive(Debug, sqlx::FromRow)] +struct PgCheckpointRow { + id: i64, + user_id: String, + state: String, + timestamp: i64, + content: Option, +} + +#[derive(Debug, sqlx::FromRow)] +struct StateDurationRow { + state: String, + duration: i64, +} + +#[derive(Debug, sqlx::FromRow)] +struct SummaryRow { + id: i64, + user_id: String, + state: String, + duration_secs: i64, + period_start: i64, + period_end: i64, + created_at: String, +} diff --git a/src/error.rs b/src/error.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1c8cbbe --- /dev/null +++ b/src/error.rs @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +use axum::{http::StatusCode, response::IntoResponse, Json}; +use serde::Serialize; + +/// 统一错误响应体 +#[derive(Debug, Serialize)] +pub struct ErrorBody { + pub error: String, +} + +/// 应用层统一错误类型 +#[derive(Debug)] +pub enum AppError { + NotFound(String), + #[allow(dead_code)] + BadRequest(String), + Internal(String), +} + +impl AppError { + pub fn status_code(&self) -> StatusCode { + match self { + AppError::NotFound(_) => StatusCode::NOT_FOUND, + AppError::BadRequest(_) => StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, + AppError::Internal(_) => StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, + } + } +} + +impl std::fmt::Display for AppError { + fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result { + match self { + AppError::NotFound(msg) => write!(f, "Not Found: {msg}"), + AppError::BadRequest(msg) => write!(f, "Bad Request: {msg}"), + AppError::Internal(msg) => write!(f, "Internal Error: {msg}"), + } + } +} + +impl IntoResponse for AppError { + fn into_response(self) -> axum::response::Response { + let status = self.status_code(); + let body = Json(ErrorBody { + error: self.to_string(), + }); + (status, body).into_response() + } +} + +// 允许 Axum handler 直接使用 `?` 将 sqlx 错误转为 AppError +impl From for AppError { + fn from(e: sqlx::Error) -> Self { + AppError::Internal(format!("database error: {e}")) + } +} diff --git a/src/handlers/admin.rs b/src/handlers/admin.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8514e79 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/handlers/admin.rs @@ -0,0 +1,77 @@ +use axum::{ + extract::{Path, State}, + Json, +}; +use chrono::Utc; +use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize}; + +use crate::error::AppError; +use crate::state::AppState; + +#[derive(Serialize)] +pub struct AdminResult { + pub affected: u64, + pub message: String, +} + +#[derive(Deserialize)] +pub struct SetHeartbeatRequest { + pub seconds_ago: i64, +} + +/// POST /admin/offline-check +/// 手动触发离线检测（开发/调试用） +pub async fn offline_check( + State(state): State, +) -> Result, AppError> { + let n = state + .db + .admin_detect_offline(60) + .await + .map_err(AppError::Internal)?; + + Ok(Json(AdminResult { + affected: n, + message: format!("{n} users marked as offline"), + })) +} + +/// POST /admin/aggregate +/// 手动触发一次聚合（开发/调试用） +pub async fn aggregate_now( + State(state): State, +) -> Result, AppError> { + let now = Utc::now().timestamp(); + let start = now - 3600; // 聚合最近 1 小时 + + let n = state + .db + .admin_trigger_aggregation(start, now) + .await + .map_err(AppError::Internal)?; + + Ok(Json(AdminResult { + affected: n, + message: format!("{n} summary rows upserted"), + })) +} + +/// POST /admin/users/{user_id}/set-heartbeat +/// 调试用：将用户心跳时间设为 N 秒前（模拟超时） +pub async fn set_heartbeat_old( + State(state): State, + Path(user_id): Path, + Json(payload): Json, +) -> Result, AppError> { + let ts = Utc::now().timestamp() - payload.seconds_ago; + state + .db + .debug_set_last_heartbeat(&user_id, ts) + .await + .map_err(AppError::Internal)?; + + Ok(Json(AdminResult { + affected: 1, + message: format!("{user_id} last_heartbeat set to {}s ago", payload.seconds_ago), + })) +} diff --git a/src/handlers/checkpoints.rs b/src/handlers/checkpoints.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..513adab --- /dev/null +++ b/src/handlers/checkpoints.rs @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ +use axum::{ + extract::{Path, Query, State}, + http::StatusCode, + Json, +}; +use chrono::Utc; + +use crate::error::AppError; +use crate::models::checkpoint::{ + Checkpoint, CreateCheckpointRequest, HeartbeatResponse, ListCheckpointsQuery, + ListSummariesQuery, StateSummary, UserStatusResponse, +}; +use crate::state::AppState; + +// ---------- POST /users/{user_id}/checkpoints ---------- +// 仅在状态变更时调用，同步更新会话 + +pub async fn create_checkpoint( + State(state): State, + Path(user_id): Path, + Json(payload): Json, +) -> Result<(StatusCode, Json), AppError> { + let timestamp = payload.timestamp.unwrap_or_else(|| Utc::now().timestamp()); + + let cp = state + .db + .create_checkpoint(&user_id, &payload.state.to_string(), timestamp, payload.content) + .await + .map_err(AppError::Internal)?; + + // 状态变更时同步更新会话（心跳也顺带刷新） + let _ = state.db.heartbeat(&user_id, &payload.state.to_string()).await; + + Ok((StatusCode::CREATED, Json(cp))) +} + +// ---------- GET /users/{user_id}/checkpoints ---------- + +pub async fn list_checkpoints( + State(state): State, + Path(user_id): Path, + Query(query): Query, +) -> Result>, AppError> { + let cps = state + .db + .list_checkpoints(&user_id, query.from, query.to, query.limit) + .await + .map_err(AppError::Internal)?; + + Ok(Json(cps)) +} + +// ---------- GET /users/{user_id}/checkpoints/{id} ---------- + +pub async fn get_checkpoint( + State(state): State, + Path((user_id, id)): Path<(String, u64)>, +) -> Result, AppError> { + let cp = state + .db + .get_checkpoint(id) + .await + .map_err(AppError::Internal)? + .ok_or_else(|| AppError::NotFound(format!("checkpoint {id} not found")))?; + + if cp.user_id != user_id { + return Err(AppError::NotFound(format!("checkpoint {id} not found"))); + } + + Ok(Json(cp)) +} + +// ---------- GET /users/{user_id}/status ---------- + +pub async fn get_user_status( + State(state): State, + Path(user_id): Path, +) -> Result, AppError> { + let summary = state + .db + .get_status_summary(&user_id) + .await + .map_err(AppError::Internal)?; + + Ok(Json(summary)) +} + +// ---------- GET /users/{user_id}/summaries ---------- + +pub async fn list_summaries( + State(state): State, + Path(user_id): Path, + Query(query): Query, +) -> Result>, AppError> { + let rows = state + .db + .list_state_summaries(&user_id, query.from, query.to, query.limit) + .await + .map_err(AppError::Internal)?; + + Ok(Json(rows)) +} + +// ---------- POST /users/{user_id}/heartbeat ---------- +// 心跳验证（每 30s），不产生检查点，仅刷新 last_heartbeat + +pub async fn heartbeat( + State(state): State, + Path(user_id): Path, +) -> Result, AppError> { + let hb = state + .db + .heartbeat(&user_id, "") + .await + .map_err(AppError::Internal)?; + + Ok(Json(HeartbeatResponse { + user_id, + current_state: hb.current_state, + last_heartbeat: hb.last_heartbeat, + })) +} diff --git a/src/handlers/health.rs b/src/handlers/health.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..263397a --- /dev/null +++ b/src/handlers/health.rs @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +use axum::{response::IntoResponse, Json}; + +/// GET /health +pub async fn health_check() -> impl IntoResponse { + Json(serde_json::json!({ "status": "ok" })) +} diff --git a/src/handlers/mod.rs b/src/handlers/mod.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4df7a6b --- /dev/null +++ b/src/handlers/mod.rs @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +pub mod admin; +pub mod checkpoints; +pub mod health; diff --git a/src/main.rs b/src/main.rs index e7a11a9..ec33805 100644 --- a/src/main.rs +++ b/src/main.rs @@ -1,3 +1,79 @@ -fn main() { - println!("Hello, world!"); + +mod config; +mod db; +mod error; +mod handlers; +mod models; +mod router; +mod state; + +use config::Config; +use db::postgres::PgDb; +use state::AppState; + +/// 按 ; 拆分 SQL，跳过 $$...$$ 内的分号（保护 PG 函数体） +fn split_sql(sql: &str) -> Vec { + let mut stmts = Vec::new(); + let mut buf = String::new(); + let mut dollar_depth = 0; + let chars: Vec = sql.chars().collect(); + let mut i = 0; + while i < chars.len() { + if i + 1 < chars.len() && chars[i] == '$' && chars[i + 1] == '$' { + if dollar_depth == 0 { dollar_depth = 1; } else { dollar_depth = 0; } + buf.push_str("$$"); + i += 2; + } else if chars[i] == ';' && dollar_depth == 0 { + stmts.push(buf.trim().to_string()); + buf.clear(); + i += 1; + } else { + buf.push(chars[i]); + i += 1; + } + } + let remainder = buf.trim().to_string(); + if !remainder.is_empty() { + stmts.push(remainder); + } + stmts +} + +async fn run_migration(pool: &sqlx::PgPool, sql_file: &str, name: &str) { + for stmt in split_sql(sql_file) { + let trimmed = stmt.trim(); + if !trimmed.is_empty() { + sqlx::query(trimmed) + .execute(pool) + .await + .unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("Migration {name} failed: {e}\nSQL: {trimmed}")); + } + } +} + +#[tokio::main] +async fn main() { + let _ = dotenvy::dotenv(); + let cfg = Config::from_env(); + + let database_url = cfg.database_url + .expect("DATABASE_URL must be set (PostgreSQL is the only supported backend)"); + + println!("🔗 Connecting to PostgreSQL..."); + let pool = sqlx::PgPool::connect(&database_url) + .await + .expect("Failed to connect to PostgreSQL"); + + run_migration(&pool, include_str!("../migrations/001_init.sql"), "001_init").await; + run_migration(&pool, include_str!("../migrations/002_daily_summary.sql"), "002_summary").await; + run_migration(&pool, include_str!("../migrations/003_sessions.sql"), "003_sessions").await; + println!("✅ PostgreSQL connected, migrations applied"); + + let db = db::into_shared(PgDb::new(pool)); + let state = AppState::new(db); + let app = router::build(state); + + println!("🚀 Server running at http://{}", cfg.listen_addr); + let listener = tokio::net::TcpListener::bind(cfg.listen_addr).await.unwrap(); + axum::serve(listener, app).await.unwrap(); } diff --git a/src/models/checkpoint.rs b/src/models/checkpoint.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4381702 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/models/checkpoint.rs @@ -0,0 +1,129 @@ +use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize}; +use serde_json::Value; + +/// 用户状态枚举 —— 通过 `Custom(String)` 变体可自由扩充新状态 +#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)] +pub enum StateType { + Online, + Offline, + Idle, + Working, + Sleeping, + /// 可自由扩充的自定义状态，如 "Gaming", "Meeting", "Driving" 等 + Custom(String), +} + +// 自定义序列化：所有变体序列化为扁平字符串 +impl Serialize for StateType { + fn serialize(&self, serializer: S) -> Result { + serializer.serialize_str(&self.to_string()) + } +} + +// 自定义反序列化：已知名称匹配变体，未知名称视为 Custom +impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for StateType { + fn deserialize>(deserializer: D) -> Result { + let s = String::deserialize(deserializer)?; + Ok(match s.as_str() { + "Online" => StateType::Online, + "Offline" => StateType::Offline, + "Idle" => StateType::Idle, + "Working" => StateType::Working, + "Sleeping" => StateType::Sleeping, + other => StateType::Custom(other.to_string()), + }) + } +} + +impl std::fmt::Display for StateType { + fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result { + match self { + StateType::Online => write!(f, "Online"), + StateType::Offline => write!(f, "Offline"), + StateType::Idle => write!(f, "Idle"), + StateType::Working => write!(f, "Working"), + StateType::Sleeping => write!(f, "Sleeping"), + StateType::Custom(s) => write!(f, "{s}"), + } + } +} + +/// 检查点 —— 用户在某时刻的状态快照 +#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)] +pub struct Checkpoint { + pub id: u64, + pub user_id: String, + pub state: StateType, + /// Unix 时间戳（秒） + pub timestamp: i64, + /// 可扩展的 JSON 元数据（设备信息、坐标等） + pub content: Option, +} + +/// 创建检查点的请求体 +#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)] +pub struct CreateCheckpointRequest { + pub state: StateType, + /// 时间戳（可选），不传则服务端填充当前时间 + pub timestamp: Option, + /// 可选的附加元数据 + pub content: Option, +} + +/// 单个状态的持续时间 +#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)] +pub struct StateDuration { + pub state: StateType, + /// 该状态累计时长（秒） + pub duration_secs: i64, +} + +/// 用户状态汇总响应 +#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)] +pub struct UserStatusResponse { + pub user_id: String, + /// 当前所处状态 + pub current_state: StateType, + /// 自何时进入当前状态（Unix 秒） + pub since: i64, + /// 各状态累计时长 + pub durations: Vec, +} + +/// 查询检查点列表的参数 +#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)] +pub struct ListCheckpointsQuery { + pub from: Option, + pub to: Option, + pub limit: Option, +} + +// ---------- 定时快照模型 ---------- + +/// 状态时长快照（来自 state_summaries 表） +#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)] +pub struct StateSummary { + pub id: u64, + pub user_id: String, + pub state: StateType, + pub duration_secs: i64, + pub period_start: i64, + pub period_end: i64, + pub created_at: String, +} + +/// 查询快照的参数 +#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)] +pub struct ListSummariesQuery { + pub from: Option, + pub to: Option, + pub limit: Option, +} + +/// 心跳响应 +#[derive(Debug, Serialize)] +pub struct HeartbeatResponse { + pub user_id: String, + pub current_state: String, + pub last_heartbeat: i64, +} diff --git a/src/models/mod.rs b/src/models/mod.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4c0eada --- /dev/null +++ b/src/models/mod.rs @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +pub mod checkpoint; diff --git a/src/router.rs b/src/router.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9bc96a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/router.rs @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +use axum::{routing::{get, post}, Router}; + +use crate::handlers::{admin, checkpoints, health}; +use crate::state::AppState; + +/// 组装所有路由 +pub fn build(state: AppState) -> Router { + Router::new() + // 健康检查 + .route("/health", get(health::health_check)) + // 心跳验证（每 30s，不产生检查点） + .route("/users/{user_id}/heartbeat", post(checkpoints::heartbeat)) + // 检查点: 列表 + 创建（状态变更时才调用） + .route( + "/users/{user_id}/checkpoints", + get(checkpoints::list_checkpoints).post(checkpoints::create_checkpoint), + ) + // 单个检查点 + .route( + "/users/{user_id}/checkpoints/{id}", + get(checkpoints::get_checkpoint), + ) + // 用户状态汇总 + .route("/users/{user_id}/status", get(checkpoints::get_user_status)) + // 定时快照历史 + .route("/users/{user_id}/summaries", get(checkpoints::list_summaries)) + // 管理端点（开发/调试用） + .route("/admin/offline-check", post(admin::offline_check)) + .route("/admin/aggregate", post(admin::aggregate_now)) + .route("/admin/users/{user_id}/set-heartbeat", post(admin::set_heartbeat_old)) + .with_state(state) +} diff --git a/src/state.rs b/src/state.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..89f67c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/state.rs @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +use std::sync::Arc; + +use crate::db::Db; + +/// 全局应用状态，所有 handler 通过 `State` 共享 +#[derive(Clone)] +pub struct AppState { + /// 数据库抽象层 —— 开发期用内存模拟，上线后替换为真实 DB + pub db: Arc, +} + +impl AppState { + pub fn new(db: Arc) -> Self { + Self { db } + } +}